The authors explored two mindsets that employees are likely to adopt when faced with challenges at work:

Humanistic mindset: an empathetic, person-centric approach that focuses on each coworker’s self-worth and dignity.

Mechanistic mindset: an efficient, task-focused approach that focuses on utilitarian cost-benefit comparisons.

“The mindset adopted by employees has implications on whether they interact with others in a civil or uncivil manner,”